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Passive Intermodulation in Finite Lengths of Printed Microstrip Lines
This paper addresses the theoretical aspects of passive
intermodulation (PIM) generation in printed transmission lines. In
order to elucidate the mechanisms of PIM generation, a new model
of the transmission line length with distributed nonlinearity is proposed.
The developed model has been validated by the near-field
measurements of PIM product distributions along the microstrip
lines. The contributions of nonlinear mixing, power dissipation,
and load matching to PIM products have been analyzed in detail.
The obtained results reveal the fundamental properties of PIM
generation in finite lengths of printed lines with distributed nonlinearity
and identify possible means for PIM mitigation. It was
shown for the first time that the reverse PIM products in a matched
transmission line with distributed nonlinearity are generated due
to nonlinear scattering.
Key Words: RF-30, distributed nonlinearity, intermodulation distortion, passive intermodulation (PIM), printed circuits
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